Excellent Websites for Studying for the Practical

I'm missing some areas in here (the human brain model, the sheep brain, brain slides, human eye, cow eye, retina slide, human ear, cochlear cross-section cochlear slide, olfactory epithelium slide, and tongue slide), but I have SEEN most of these on the web in my search for other things, and I will be working on this tomorrow, and updating this post throughout the day. :)

-L

I decided to Ask Google how to study for Practical #3, and wouldn't you know...Google has a PhD in Anatomy! Below, I've got a list of EXCELLENT websites to help study for each of the different labs, section by section. Good stuff!! :) And, what's really awesome, is that a lot of the sites have everything labeled and give some explanation into what you are looking at. Happy Studying!

Complete JACKPOT:

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/aplab/Table_of_Contents/table_of_contents.html

First I found a single page with a good slide of a motor neuron. But, when I looked at the URL, I realized there was a whole INDEX of pages that are designed for students in the 2304 class to help with histology. Wish I'd found this sucker when we did the big histology practical! BOO!

Anyhow, the main page is:

http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/

Then from there, you can navigate to tissues:

http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/tissues/index.html

and then organs, which is where you will find our endocrine slides:

http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/organs/index.html

And an awesome, all-purpose neurology jagon website:

http://mindsci-clinic.com/neuro_jargon.htm



Nervous System Lab

Neuron Model:
Cell body, nucleus, chromatophilic bodies, dendrite, telodendria, axon, axon terminal, axon hillock, synapse, Schwann cells, myelin sheath, & nodes of Ranvier

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_06/Neuron_Model_1/neuron_model_1.html

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_06/Neuron_Model_1/Neuron_Model_1a/neuron_model_1a.html

http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/bioL/ap1model/labeled/neuron.jpg

Motor Neuron Slide:

Cell body, cellular processes

Hey, hey! What do you know... a site from our school!

http://www.austincc.edu/histologyhelp/tissues/tx_nerv_tis.html

Peripheral Nerve Slide:

Nerve fibers, fascicles, epineurium, perineurium

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_06/Nerve_1/Nerve_1a/nerve_1a.html

http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/neurohisto_intro/slide8.html


Spinal Cord Models:

Gray horns, (anterior, lateral and posterior), White Columns (Anterior lateral and Posterior), Gray and White Commissures, Anterior medial fissure, Dorsal medial sulcus Meninges (dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater), Subarachnoid space, Dorsal root,Dorsal root gangilion,Ventral root, Epidural space, Rami, (dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, gray ramus communicantes)

Rockin' Spinal Cord Models that allow you to quiz yourself with labeled and non-labeled pictures!
http://classroom.sdmesa.edu/anatomy/ModelPages/spinal_cord.htm

Also, I had trouble finding a model with the White Commissure listed. But, here is a cross section that shows it, and a link to Wikipedia that explains:

http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Fankhauser/Labs/Anatomy_&_Physiology/A&P202/CNS_Histology/Spinal_Cord/sp_cd_jpgs/Spinal_Cord_PC271498_lbd.JPG

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_white_commissure

Had trouble finding the Rami, but this drawing diagrams very well:

http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/segm.gif

Also:

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Gray799.svg/250px-Gray799.svg.png&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_ramus_communicans&usg=__qUXCvvpEp5jq-MU-9iTXPLFa0f0=&h=222&w=250&sz=31&hl=en&start=8&sig2=C5MPFfY1uQFQtlrMe7Nwww&um=1&tbnid=9BHh2mc5_tWNJM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgray%2Brami%2Bcommunicans%2Bmodel%26hl%3Den%26um%3D1&ei=AFXqSortMMSztgfR-9w_

Spinal Cord Cross Section:

Gray horns (anterior, lateral posterior), white columns (anterior, lateral, posterior), central canal

http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/bioL/ap1model/labeled/spinalcord3.jpg

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/Aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_07/Spinal_Model_1/spinal_model_1.html

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/Aplab/Table_of_Contents/Lab_07/Spinal_Model_2/spinal_model_2.html


Nerve and Nerve Plexi / Cranial Nerves:

Using appropriate models, be able to identify all 12 pairs of cranial nerves as well as the primary nerves of the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus, and sacral plexus. Be sure to review the function of each.

http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/bioL/ap1model/labeled/spinalcord.jpg


The secret to remembering these is to know that the are numbered in order from rostral to caudal end, starting with the Olfactory nerve. From there, you can count off the nerves and use the mneumonic "OLd OPie OCcassionally TROmps TRIGonometry And Feels VEry GLOomy, VAGUe And HYPOactive."

http://content.answers.com/main/content/img/oxford/Oxford_Body/019852403x.cranial-nerves.1.jpg

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-24l_cranial_nerves_c.jpg

Quiz yourself on Cranial Nerves!

http://www.dontbeasalmon.net/elearning/term3spotters/docs/qa/CN.html

Sympathetic Efferent Pathway Models:

Paravertebral sympathetic ganglia, Prevertebral sympathetic ganglia

The paravertebral sympathetic ganglia are also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or chain ganglia. The prevertebral ganglia are located further away from the sympathetic trunk (more distal?), and are also known in our text as collateral ganglia.


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A1391&rendertype=figure&id=A1393


Human Brain Model:

Cerebrum:
Cerebral hemispheres (left and right), transverse fissure, longitudinal fissure, lateral sulcus, central sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, basal nuclei, corpus callosum, septum pellucidum, fornix, cortex, internal capsule, olfactory bulbs, olfactory tracts, optic nerves, optic chiasma, optic tracts, roots of nerves III – XII, lateral ventricles, choroid plexus

http://lh4.ggpht.com/_lRGislJejZ0/SRp7sb6QjHI/AAAAAAAAB8c/xeGXGZP0LUY/image20_thumb4.png?imgmax=800

http://mindsci-clinic.com/cerebral_lobes_and_insula.htm

Quiz yourself on the internal structures:
http://www.dontbeasalmon.net/elearning/term3spotters/docs/qa/index.html

Diencephalon:
Pituitary gland, mammillary bodies, thalamus, massa intermedia, hypothalamus, pineal body, interventricular foramen, third ventricle, choroid plexus, infundibulum

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-15_diencephalon_c.jpg
http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-17_hypothalamus_c.jpg

Cerebellum:
Vermis, cortex, arbor vitae

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-22a_cerebellum_mids_c.jpg
http://anatomia.wum.edu.pl/atlas/image_08e.htm

Brain Stem:
Cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, median lateral aperatures, choroid plexus, midbrain, corpora quadrigemina, superior colliculi, inferior colliculi, cerebral penduncles, pons, middle cerebellar peduncles, pyramids & medulla oblongata

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-20a_pons_longitudin_c.jpg

http://www.clinic-clinic.com/clncl-mdcne/nrsrgry/Dx/CSF%20circulation.htm

Meninges:
Dura mater (periosteal meningeal layer), arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebri

If you scroll down a bit on this page to the section labeled "The Dynamic Shifting of Tensions in the Dura Mater", you will see a good illustration and explanation of the tentorium cerebelli and the falx cerebri.

http://www.osteodoc.com/sutherland.htm

Great model showing everything but the tentorium cerebelli:

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_McKinley/f15-4_cranial_meninges_c.jpg

Sheep Brain Dissection:

Cerebrum, cerebral hemispheres (left and right), cerebellum, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, olfactory bulbs, olfactory tracts, longitudinal fissure, optic tracts, optic chiasma, lateral ventricles, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, corpus callosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and pineal body

http://www.hometrainingtools.com/article.asp?ai=1316&bhcd2=1256927391

Really good quiz to test your knowledge:

http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brshpx.htm
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brshpx2.htm
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/brain/brnshp5.htm

Brain Slides:

Pyramidal cells(from cerebrum) Purkinje cells (from cerebellum)

Pyramidal Cells:

http://neuromedia.neurobio.ucla.edu/campbell/nervous/wp_images%5C198_pyramidal_cells.gif

Purkinje Cells:

http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab9/IMAGES/PURKINJE%20LAYER%20COMPOSITE.jpg

Human Eye Model:

Lacrimal gland, lacrimal puncta, conjunctiva (palpebral and ocular), conjunctival sac, extrinsic eye muscles (superior oblique,inferior oblique, superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, and lateral rectus), palpebrae, palpebral fissue, medial and lateral canthi, levator palpebrae superioris, eyelids, eyelashes, sclera, cornea, scleral venous sinus, choroid, iris, pupil, ciliary body, ciliary muscles, ciliary processes, suspensory ligaments, lens, ora serrata, macula lutea, retina, optic disc, fovea centralis, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, anterior chamber, posterior chamber

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/47/63347-004-610F94B5.gif

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/30/91430-004-828719A3.jpg

Cow Eye Dissection:

Sclera, cornea, choroid, ciliary body, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, iris, pupil, optic nerve, lens, retina, & optic disc

http://district.bluegrass.kctcs.edu/rmccane0001/shared_files/bio137website/BIO137/137Lab10/Lab10CowEyeLabeled.html

Retina Slide:

Ganglion cell layer, bipolar cell layer, rods, cones, and pigmented layer

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMXEB_lH2oWP9sYDiapNviAtCARoO2mtnmWJ7IhTQa6wXqccTUMzuSnmi8wAELJK9ct_dew9g7_wb9UfeaQpeAXoO4elzBICg2Dpcr0XxH3cDjDJ-SuGm_cB7WGzqtdm1L6XR8TKcPkKXu/s1600-h/100_1965.jpg

Human Ear Model:

Outer ear, pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, middle ear, malleus, incus, stapes, eustachian tube, round window, oval window, inner ear, cochlea, cochlear duct, organ of Corti (basilar membrane, tectorial membrane, and hair cells), vestibule, vestibulocochlear nerve (including vestibular branch and cochlear branch), semicircular canals, semicircular ducts with ampulla, utricle, and saccule

http://www.infj.ulst.ac.uk/~pnic/HumanEar/Andy

http://mail.pittsfield.net/teachersites/Whelihan_Kathleen/0147FF93-000F6E5A.2/The-Human-Ear.gif

http://www.seanpalaciosmd.com/Vertigo.html

Cochlear Cross-Section Model:

Scala vestibule, vestibular membrane, cochlear duct, organ of Corti, tectorial membrane, basilar membrane, scala tympani, endolymph, perilymph, spiral lamina, and spiral ganglion

http://www.hearingcentral.com/images/inner_ear.gif

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/01/14301-004-4B6F34DA.gif

http://www.oto-hns.northwestern.edu/Auditory%20Research%20Laboratory/tutorials.html


Cochlear Slide:

Scala vestibule, vestibular membrane, cochlear duct, basilar membrane, scala tympani, and organ of Corti

http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Anatomy_&_Physiology/A&P202/Special_Senses/Ear/cochlea_loop_P2171519labeled.jpg

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMun2fzlRyu-9J4oNsHYjhgvwha2-dsWiCVQTYAtuncatra2V4CkYFR_A3wYQ8mRmH8KSJURpiusGsqqFUdsiIXs8uYSkbUWb-6xUaM4imBbv9WJQDgldZ711gxUWqvc0ROosTaYDMwfeR/s1600-h/100_1961.jpg

Olfactory Epithelium Slide:

Olfactory cells and Cilia

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio4tgSUNNXAgaD37FofvldovpdCM16xoCgXkfWJZg_KqK1JxzEct7gM2euf2MyLrsR_nBF9evvvWJP49cYK0Sq2Y3zX_ek97J38Mak9ruvXHOa3SwuecIVwwA18BR6UGoQE7nf6mq0D4_q/s1600-h/100_1962.jpg


Tongue Slide:

Papillae and Taste buds

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXDg0xB_Wh2nazE-pvfTJD5qCx4TZJksAwRL0Nj2WPctIbChJ71tApg1nXqcCSNk1nQY1SMzBv5WK7HcbSwtiY7gkZuVHombAedR2cILveJgIzE8jRZJDYuPDjKihLeghOqUm5femcJxEV/s1600-h/100_1963.jpg

Endocrine System Lab:

Full Endocrine System Model (minus the subsections):

Hypothalamus, pituitary (adenohypophysis and neurophypophysis), thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal gland (adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla), ovaries, testes, and pineal gland

Scroll down a bit on the page to the endocrine system portion...


http://district.bluegrass.kctcs.edu/rmccane0001/shared_files/bio137website/BIO137/137Lab1/Lab1Organs.html


pituitary slide showing adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis:


http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/erg/enguide.htm#pituit


adrenal gland with information on adrenal cortex, adrenal medula, and the various regions of cell histology:

Sweet little point and click web app that shows the adrenal glad, it's gross anatomy, and histology from Boston University:


http://www.bu.edu/histology/p/14501ooa.htm


Endocrine System Slides:

Pituitary slide:
Identify the following histological features of the pituitary:
Adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

Thyroid slide:
Identify the following histological features of the thyroid:
Follicles, follicular cells, thyroglobulin, and parafollicular cells

Parathyroid slide:
Identify the following histological features of the parathyroid:
Chief cells

Adrenal gland slide:
Using a slide of the human adrenal gland, be able to distinguish between the following:
Adrenal cortex, zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculate, zona reticularis, adrenal medulla, chromaffin cells

Pancreas slide:
Using a slide of the human pancreas, be able to identify the Islets of Langerhans

For all slides (with the exception of the Parathyroid slide) check here:

http://district.bluegrass.kctcs.edu/shirley.whitescarver/BIO139Lab/BIO139/139Lab12/Lab12EndocrineSlides.html

For Parathyroid, check here:

http://instruction.cvhs.okstate.edu/histology/histologyreference/hrendo.htm

A Fun Pancreas Point and Click Web App from Boston University:

http://www.bu.edu/histology/p/10403ooa.htm